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Biology glossary

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Gamete

A gamete is a specialized reproductive cell that contains half the usual number of chromosomes of an organism.In animals, there are two types of gametes: the sperm (male gamete) and the ovum (female gamete).During fertilization, two gam…
Reproduction humaine
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Gene

A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the information needed to make a protein or control a specific function within an organism.Genes determine hereditary characteristics, such as eye color or height.Each individual has two versions…
Génétique
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Genome

The genome corresponds to all the genetic material of an organism or a cell. It contains genes, but also regions of DNA that do not directly code for proteins and may play a role in regulating their function.In humans, most of the genom…
Génétique
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Genotype

The genotype corresponds to the set of alleles possessed by an individual, or more precisely, to the combination of alleles they have for one or several genes.The genotype contributes to the determination of observable traits, but its e…
Génétique
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Carbohydrate

A carbohydrate is an organic molecule primarily made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Carbohydrates serve as an important energy source for cells.For example, glucose can be used during cellular respiration to produce ATP.Some carboh…
Biochimie
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